Bootleg Pete

Pete (also known by variations of his name, including Peg-Leg Pete, Black Pete, Big Pete, Bad Pete, Big Bad Pete, Mighty Pete, Bootleg Pete, Mr. Peter Pete, and Pete the Cat) is a cartoon character from the Walt Disney Company studios. He is an anthropomorphic cat (since 1928; earlier drawn as a bear) and is sometimes depicted with a peg leg, and generally depicted as the archenemy or rival of Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and Goofy. Though usually associated with the Mickey Mouse universe, Pete appeared in Disney's animated cartoon series Alice Comedies before the first appearance of Mickey Mouse, and is Disney's oldest continuing character. Though Pete is officially a cat, his feline appearance was later subdued. In the TV series Goof Troop, he somewhat resembled a dog like many other characters in the series. Despite being an antagonist in most productions, he is sometimes depicted in a lighter tone making him a minor protagonist or neutral character. He is also shown to be Goofy's best friend or confidante as seen in Goof Troop as well as the film adaptation A Goofy Movie, and its sequel.Source

Pete first appeared in the Walt Disney-produced 1920s "Alice Comedies" short subject series. He first appeared in (1925) Alice Solves a Puzzle (February 15, 1925) as Bootleg Pete. His nickname is a reference to his career of bootlegging alcoholic beverages during the United States Prohibition (January 16, 1920 - December 5, 1933). His activities brought him at a beach in time to see Alice playing with a crossword puzzle. Pete happened to be a collector of crossword puzzles and identified Alice's puzzle being a rare one missing from his collection. The rest of the short focused on his antagonizing Alice and her drunk-on-moonshine cat Julius in order to steal it. The menacing, bear-like villain commanded quite a presence on the screen and was destined to return.Source

The earliest known instance of censorship in animation occurred when the censorship board of Pennsylvania requested that references to bootlegging be removed from Walt Disney's 1925 short Alice Solves a Puzzle.[1]Source

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Black Pete and Mickey Mouse are caricatures of african-americans.



Mickey Mouse was originally portrayed as a minstrel character. From 1929 to well into the 1930s the character of Mickey Mouse was understood and openly described as "minstrel".[40] These portrayals can be seen in early depictions such as the original version of "Steamboat Willie",[41] as well as "Mickey's Mellerdrammer", the advertising for which featured Mickey in blackface with pronounced facial features understood to resemble caricatures of African-Americans in the 1930s.[42]Source

Example blackface minstrel

Vin Mariani (French: Mariani's wine) was a tonic and patent medicine created circa 1863 by Angelo Mariani, a chemist who became intrigued with coca and its economic potential after reading Paolo Mantegazza’s paper on coca's effects. In 1863,[1][2] Mariani started marketing a wine called Vin Tonique Mariani (à la Coca du Pérou)[1] which was made from Bordeaux wine treated with coca leaves.[3]

The ethanol in the wine acted as a solvent and extracted the cocaine from the coca leaves, altering the drink’s effect. It originally contained 6 mg of cocaine per fluid ounce of wine, but Vin Mariani which was to be exported contained 7.2 mg per ounce in order to compete with the higher cocaine content of similar drinks in the United States. Ads for Vin Mariani claimed that it would restore health, strength, energy, and vitality.Source



When launched (1886) Coca-Cola's two key ingredients were cocaine (benzoylmethyl ecgonine) and caffeine. The cocaine was derived from the coca leaf and the caffeine from kola nut, leading to the name Coca-Cola (the "K" in Kola was replaced with a "C" for marketing purposes).[28][29]
Coca — cocaine

Pemberton called for five ounces of coca leaf per gallon of syrup, a significant dose; in 1891, Candler claimed his formula (altered extensively from Pemberton's original) contained only a tenth of this amount. Coca-Cola did once contain an estimated nine milligrams of cocaine per glass, but in 1903 it was removed.[30] Coca-Cola still contains coca flavoring.

After 1904, instead of using fresh leaves, Coca-Cola started using "spent" leaves — the leftovers of the cocaine-extraction process with cocaine trace levels left over at a molecular level.[31] To this day, Coca-Cola uses as an ingredient a cocaine-free coca leaf extract prepared at a Stepan Company plant in Maywood, New Jersey.

In the United States, Stepan Company is the only manufacturing plant authorized by the Federal Government to import and process the coca plant,[32] which it obtains mainly from Peru and, to a lesser extent, Bolivia. Besides producing the coca flavoring agent for Coca-Cola, Stepan Company extracts cocaine from the coca leaves, which it sells to Mallinckrodt, a St. Louis, Missouri pharmaceutical manufacturer that is the only company in the United States licensed to purify cocaine for medicinal use.[33]Source



7 Up was created by Charles Leiper Grigg, who launched his St. Louis-based company The Howdy Corporation in 1920.[1] Grigg came up with the formula for a lemon-lime soft drink in 1929. The product, originally named "Bib-Label Lithiated Lemon-Lime Soda", was launched two weeks before the Wall Street Crash of 1929.[2] It contained lithium citrate, a mood-stabilizing drug. It was one of a number of patent medicine products popular in the late-19th and early-20th centuries. Specifically it was marketed as a hangover cure.Source

The Hangover Cure, Lithium citrate was removed from 7 Up's formula in 1950.Anyone have a better source?



History Channel - Vin Mariana and Coca-Cola

History Channel - Hooked - Illegal Drugs and How they Got that Way - Marijuana [1of5]Pre-1920
History Channel - Hooked - Illegal Drugs and How they Got that Way - Marijuana [2of5]Post-1920
History Channel - Hooked - Illegal Drugs and How they Got that Way - Marijuana [3of5]
History Channel - Hooked - Illegal Drugs and How they Got that Way - Marijuana [4of5]
History Channel - Hooked - Illegal Drugs and How they Got that Way - Marijuana [5of5]

(1894) Chinese Opium Den

Chinese Opium Den (also known as Opium Joint) is an 1894 American short black-and-white silent film. It is an early motion picture produced by Thomas Edison.

Very little is known about this film as no print is believed to exist and all that remains is a single still image. It is believed to be the first motion picture to explore the issue of substance abuse. Ten years later Edison produced Rube in an Opium Joint, which is seen as the earliest surviving film depicting drug use. [1]

According to the Internet Movie Database the film was made in a 35mm film format with an aspect ratio of 1.33:1. The movie was intended to be displayed through means of a Kinetoscope. [2]Source

(1904) Reuben in the Opium Den

A hick tourist visits an opium den and has to be shown the proper way to smoke opium, after initially trying to use the pipe as if it were a flute. Source

"Lithium" not directly mentioned on the official history page:

http://www.7up.com/page/about/

This page is a bit more interesting but still does not specify the date the lithium was removed:

http://www.snopes.com/business/names/7up.asp

Like cocaine, lithium is now a highly controlled drug available only by prescription:

"Take lithium exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label."

http://www.drugs.com/lithium.html

Pepsi was first introduced as "Brad's Drink" in New Bern, North Carolina, in 1883 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his pharmacy where the drink was sold. It was later named Pepsi Cola, possibly due to the digestive enzyme pepsin and kola nuts used in the recipe.[1] Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was delicious and would aid in digestion and boost energy.[2]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepsi#History

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepsin

http://www.bottlebooks.com/questions/common/Caldwell%27s%20Syrup%20of%20Pepsin.htm


Isn't it interesting that some of the most popular soft drinks of today originally contained the drugs cocaine, lithium and pepsin in them? All three drugs were considered at one time medicines, and now one is considered too dangerous for prescription, one is by prescription only and one is non-prescription. Fascinating stuff.

(1922) The pharmacopoeia of Japan
(1916) The Pharmacopoeia of the United States of America
Do a search for the cannabis keyword in the books.


Other pharmacopoeias held by archive.org

Pharmacopoeia, in its modern technical sense, is a book containing directions for the identification of samples and the preparation of compound medicines, and published by the authority of a government or a medical or pharmaceutical society.

In a broader sense it is a reference work for pharmaceutical drug specifications.Source

The name has also been applied to similar compendia issued by private individuals

(1922) The Black Candle by Emily Murphy

Cannabis was added to the Confidential Restricted List in 1923. Historians usually point to the 1922 publication of Emily Murphy’s The Black Candle as the inspiration for the addition. Murphy was a suffragist and police magistrate who wrote a series of articles in Maclean’s magazine under the pen-name “Janey Canuck,” which formed the basis of her book. She uses numerous anecdotes culled mostly from anti-drug reformers and police to make her arguments, which make strong links between drugs and race and the threat this poses to white women. One chapter is entitled Marahuana – A New Menace, and makes the claim that the only ways out of cannabis addiction are insanity, death, or abandonment.Source




Wikipedia: Emily Murphy

She was a leading women's rights figure, a racist and a eugenicist that supported forced sterilization. She is mostly remembered and celebrated for her role in advancing women's rights.