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#1101460 - 11/04/05 07:37 AM
Wikipedia on Oscar Wilde's Sexuality
[Re: Chris Buors]
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Old hand
Registered: 12/17/04
Posts: 927
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Quote:
For one thing, I'm not really a social butterfly anymore, if I ever was.
Wilde's sexuality
Pupa link
Wilde's sexual orientation has variously been considered bisexual, gay, or pederastic depending on how the terms are defined. His inclination towards relations with younger men was relatively well-known, the first such relationship having probably been with Robert Ross, who proved his most faithful friend and would be his literary executor. Ross, a boy of seventeen when Wilde met him, was already aware of Wilde's poems and indeed had been beaten for reading them. By Richard Ellman's account, Ross, "...so young and yet so knowing, was determined to seduce [Wilde]." Later, Ross boasted to Lord Alfred Douglas that he was "the first boy Oscar ever had" and there seems to have been much jealousy between them.
In his writings, an early indication of Wilde's sexuality is found in The Portrait of Mr. W. H. (1889), in which he propounds a theory that Shakespeare's sonnets were written out of the poet's love of a young man.
Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred Douglas
The Queensberry scandal
In 1891, Wilde became intimate with Lord Alfred Douglas, who went by the nickname "Bosie". Bosie's father, John Sholto Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry, became increasingly enraged at his son's involvement with Wilde. He confronted the two publicly several times, and although each time Wilde was able to mollify the elder Douglas, eventually the Marquess threw down the gauntlet. He planned to interrupt the opening night of The Importance of Being Earnest with an insulting delivery of vegetables, but somebody tipped Wilde off and the Marquess was barred from entering the theatre.
On February 18, 1895, the Marquess left a calling card at one of Wilde's clubs, the Albemarle. On the back of the card he wrote "For Oscar Wilde posing as a Somdomite" (the final word being a misspelling of 'sodomite').
Although Wilde's friends advised him to ignore the insult, Lord Alfred later admitted that he egged Wilde on to charge Queensberry with criminal libel. Queensberry was arrested, and in April 1895, the Crown took over the prosecution of the libel case against the Marquess. The trial lasted three days. The prosecuting counsel, Edward Clarke, was unaware that Wilde had had liaisons and romantic relationships with other men. Clarke asked Wilde directly whether there was any substance to Queensberry's accusations and Wilde denied that there was. Edward Carson, the barrister who defended Queensberry, hired investigators who were able to locate a number of men with whom Wilde had been involved, either socially or sexually.
Wilde put on a tremendous display of drama in the first day of the trial, parrying Carson's cross-examination on the morals of his published works with witticisms and sarcasm, often breaking the courtroom up with laughter. For instance, asked whether he had ever adored any man younger than himself, Wilde replied, "I have never given adoration to anybody except myself." However, on the second day Carson's cross-examination was much more damaging; Wilde later admitted to perjuring himself by some of his answers. On the third day, Clarke recommended that Wilde withdraw the prosecution, and the case was dismissed.
The authorities were unwilling to let matters rest. Based on the evidence acquired by Queensberry and Carson, Wilde was arrested on April 6, 1895 at the Cadogan Hotel in London and charged with "committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons" under Section 11 of the 1885 Criminal Law Amendment Act, this being little more than a euphemism for any sex between males. Clarke offered to defend him for nothing at his upcoming trial.
[edit]
Trial and imprisonment in Reading Gaol
At his own trial Wilde dropped any semblance of subterfuge and delivered an impassioned defense of male love in answer to the cross examination by Mr. C. F. Gill:
Gill: What is "the love that dares not speak its name?"
Wilde: "The love that dares not speak its name" in this century is such a great affection of an elder for a younger man as there was between David and Jonathan, such as Plato made the very basis of his philosophy, and such as you find in the sonnets of Michelangelo and Shakespeare. It is that deep spiritual affection that is as pure as it is perfect. It dictates and pervades great works of art, like those of Shakespeare and Michelangelo, and those two letters of mine, such as they are. It is in this century misunderstood, so much misunderstood that it may be described as "The love that dares not speak its name," and on that account of it I am placed where I am now. It is beautiful, it is fine, it is the noblest form of affection. There is nothing unnatural about it. It is intellectual, and it repeatedly exists between an older and a younger man, when the older man has intellect, and the younger man has all the joy, hope and glamour of life before him. That it should be so, the world does not understand. The world mocks at it, and sometimes puts one in the pillory for it.
Wilde was convicted on May 25, 1895 of gross indecency and sentenced to serve two years hard labour. He was imprisoned first at Pentonville and then at Wandsworth prison in London, and finally transferred in November to the prison in the town of Reading, some 30 miles west of London. Wilde knew the town from happier times when boating on the Thames and also from visits to the Palmer family, including a tour of the famous Huntley & Palmers biscuit factory quite close to the prison.
Now known as prisoner C. 3.3, at first he was not even allowed paper and pen to write, but a later governor was more friendly. Thus during his time in prison, Wilde wrote a 50,000 word letter to Douglas, which he was not allowed to send while still a prisoner, but which he was allowed to take with him at the end of his sentence. On his release he gave the manuscript to Ross, who may or may not have carried out Wilde's instructions to send a copy to Douglas who, in turn, denied having received it. Ross published a much expurgated version of the letter (about 30% only) in 1905 (4 years after Wilde's death) with the title De Profundis, expanded it slightly for an edition of Wilde's collected works in 1908 and then donated it to the British Museum on the understanding that it would not be made public until 1960. In 1949 Wilde's son Vyvyan Holland published it again, including parts formerly omitted, but relying on a faulty typescript bequeathed to him by Ross. Its first complete and correct publication did not take place until 1962 in The Letters of Oscar Wilde.
The manuscripts of A Florentine Tragedy and an essay on Shakespeare's sonnets were stolen from his house in 1895. In 1904 a five-act tragedy, The Duchess of Padua, written by Wilde about 1883 for Mary Anderson, but not acted by her, was published in a German translation (Die Herzogin von Padua, translated by Max Meyerfeld) in Berlin.
[edit]
After his release
Wilde's tomb, sculpted by Sir Jacob Epstein, in Le Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris
Enlarge
Wilde's tomb, sculpted by Sir Jacob Epstein, in Le Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris
Prison was unkind to Wilde's health and when he was released on May 19, 1897 he spent his last three years penniless, in self-imposed exile from society and artistic circles. He went under the assumed name of 'Sebastian Melmoth', after the central character of the gothic novel Melmoth the Wanderer. After his release, he wrote the famous poem The Ballad of Reading Gaol.
On his deathbed he converted to the Roman Catholic church, which he had long admired. He spent his last days in the Hotel d'Alsace in Paris. Just a month before his death he is quoted as saying, "My wallpaper and I are fighting a duel to the death. One or other of us has got to go."
Wilde died of cerebral meningitis on November 30, 1900. Different opinions are given on the cause of the meningitis; Richard Ellmann claimed it was syphilitic; Merlin Holland, Wilde's grandson, thought this to be a misconception, noting that Wilde's meningitis followed a surgical intervention, perhaps a mastoidectomy; Wilde's physicians, Dr. Paul Cleiss and A'Court Tucker reported that the condition stemmed from an old suppuration of the right ear (une ancienne suppuration de l'oreille droite d'ailleurs en traitement depuis plusieurs années) and do not allude to syphilis. Most modern scholars and doctors agree that syphilis was unlikely to have been the cause of his death. Wilde was buried in the Cimetière de Bagneux outside Paris but was later moved to Le Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. His tomb in the Père Lachaise was designed by the sculptor Sir Jacob Epstein, at the request of Robert Baldwin Ross. The numerous spots on it are actually lipstick traces from admirers. Recently, a plaque asking visitors not to desecrate the tomb and a metal fence had to be put around the grave due to the admirers' enthusiasm.
[edit]
Biographies
* After Wilde's death, his friend Frank Harris wrote a biography, Oscar Wilde: His Life and Confessions. This is generally regarded as being very unreliable, although entertaining. Of his other close friends, Robert Sherard, Robert Ross, Charles Ricketts, and Lord Alfred Douglas variously published biographies, reminiscences or correspondence.
* An account of the argument between Frank Harris, Lord Alfred Douglas and Oscar Wilde as to the advisability of Wilde's prosecuting Queensberry can be found in the preface to George Bernard Shaw's play The Dark Lady of the Sonnets.
* In 1946, Hesketh Pearson published The Life of Oscar Wilde (Methuen), containing materials derived from conversations with Bernard Shaw, George Alexander, Herbert Beerbohm Tree and many others who had known or worked with Wilde. This is a lively read, although inevitably somewhat dated as to overall approach. It gives a particularly vivid impression of what Wilde's conversation must have been like.
* In 1954 Vyvyan Holland published his memoir Son of Oscar Wilde. It was revised and updated by Merlin Holland in 1999.
* In 1975 H. Montgomery Hyde published Oscar Wilde: A Biography.
* In 1983 Peter Ackroyd published The Last Testament of Oscar Wilde.
* In 1987 Richard Ellmann published Oscar Wilde, a very minute biography.
* In 1997 Merlin Holland published a book entitled The Wilde Album. This rather small volume seems to contain at least twice its size worth of pictures and other Wilde memorabilia, much of which had not been published before. It includes 27 pictures taken by the portrait photographer Napoleon Sarony, one of which graces the beginning of this article.
* 1999 saw the publication of Oscar Wilde on Stage and Screen written by Robert Tanitch. This book is a comprehensive record of Oscar's life and work as presented on stage and screen from 1880 until 1999. It includes cast lists and snippets of reviews.
* 2003 saw the publication of the first complete account of Wilde's sexual and emotional life in The Secret Life of Oscar Wilde by Neil McKenna (published by Century/Random House).
* 2005 saw the publication of The Unmasking of Oscar Wilde, by literary biographer Joseph Pearce. It explores the Catholic sensibility in his art, his interior suffering and dissatisfaction, and his lifelong fascination with the Catholic Church which led to his deathbed conversion.
* A multiple-issue 'chapter' of Dave Sim's comic book Cerebus the Aardvark, entitled Melmoth, (later collected as a single volume under that title) retells the story of Wilde's final months with the names and places slightly altered to fit the world of the Cerebus storyline, while Cerebus himself spends most of the chapter as a passive observer.
[edit]
Biographical films, television series and stage plays
* Two films of his life were released in 1960. The first to make it to the theaters was Oscar Wilde starring Robert Morley. Then came The Trials of Oscar Wilde starring Peter Finch. At the time homosexuality was still punishable by a jail sentence in the UK and both films were rather cagey in touching on the subject without being explicit about it.
* In the summer of 1977 Vincent Price began performing in the one man play Diversions and Delights. Written by John Gay and directed by Joe Hardy the premise of the play is that an aging Oscar Wilde, to earn some much needed money, gave a lecture on his life in a Parisian Theater on November 28, 1899 (just a year before his death). The play was a success everywhere it was performed, except for its New York City run. It was revived in 1990 in London with Donald Sinden in the role.
* In 1978 London Weekend Television produced a television series about the life of Lillie Langtry entitled Lillie. In it Peter Egan played Oscar. The bulk of his scenes portrayed their close friendship up to and including their tours of America in 1882. Thereafter, he was in a few more scenes leading up to his trials in 1895.
* Michael Gambon portrayed Wilde on British Television in 1983 in the three part BBC series Oscar concentrating on the trial and following prison term.
* 1988 saw Nickolas Grace playing Wilde in Ken Russell's film Salome's Last Dance.
* A fuller look at his life, without any of the restrictions of the 1960 films, is Wilde (1997) starring Stephen Fry. Fry (an acknowledged Wilde scholar) also appeared as Wilde in 1993 in the short-lived American television series "Ned Blessing."
* Wilde appears as a supporting character in Tom Stoppard's 1997 play The Invention of Love and is referenced extensively in Stoppard's 1974 play Travesties.
* The main character in the Lynn Ahrens and Stephen Flaherty musical A Man of No Importance identifies himself with Oscar Wilde, and Wilde appears to him several times.
* Oscar: In October 2004, a stage musical by Mike Read about Oscar Wilde closed after just one night at the Shaw Theatre in Euston after a severe critical mauling.
[edit]
Bibliography
Poetry
* Poems (1881)
* The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898)
Plays
* Vera, or The Nihilists (1880)
* The Duchess of Padua (1883)
* Salomé (French version) (1893, first performed in Paris 1896)
* Lady Windermere's Fan (1892)
* A Woman of No Importance (1893)
* Salomé: A Tragedy in One Act: Translated from the French of Oscar Wilde by Lord Alfred Douglas with illustrations by Aubrey Beardsley (1894)
* An Ideal Husband (1895) [2]
* The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) [3]
* La Sainte Courtisane and A Florentine Tragedy first published 1908 in Methuen's Collected Works
(Dates are dates of first performance, which approximate far better with the probable date of composition than dates of first publication.)
Prose
* The Canterville Ghost (1887)
* The Happy Prince and Other Stories (1888) [4]
* The Portrait of Mr. W. H. (1889)
* Lord Arthur Saville’s Crime and other Stories (1891)
* Intentions (1891)
* The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891)
* House of Pomegranates (1891)
* The Soul of Man Under Socialism (First published in the Pall Mall Gazette, 1891, first book publication 1904)
* De Profundis (1905)
* The Letters of Oscar Wilde (1960) This was rereleased in 2000, with letters uncovered since 1960, and new, detailed, footnotes by Merlin Holland.
[edit]
References
Print
* Ellmann, Richard. Oscar Wilde. (Vintage, 1988) ISBN 0521479878
* Igoe, Vivien. A Literary Guide to Dublin. (Methuen, 1994) ISBN 0-4136912-0-9
* Raby, Peter (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Oscar Wilde. (CUP, 1997) ISBN 0521479878
* Wilde, Oscar. The Complete Works of Oscar Wilde. (Collins, 2003) ISBN 0007144369
Online
* Oscar Wilde's brief biography and works
* Dissertation about the relationship between "The Picture of Dorian Gray" and Postmodernism
* 10 most popular misconceptions about Oscar Wilde
* King, Steve. "Wilde in America" from Today in Literature, captured November 12, 2004.
[edit]
See also
* Historical pederastic couples
[edit]
External links
Wikisource
Wikisource has original works written by or about:
Oscar Wilde
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:
Oscar Wilde
* Mr. O.W. – Oscar Wilde
* Oscar Wilde – Standing Ovations, a variety of resources including full texts.
* Quotations by Oscar Wilde
* Statue of Oscar Wilde and Eduard Vilde in Tartu (second largest city in Estonia)
Online texts:
* Collected Works
* The Oscar Wilde Collection
* Online Books by Oscar Wilde
* Selected Oscar Wilde Poems
* "The Soul of Man Under Socialism"
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Wilde"
Categories: 1854 births | 1900 deaths | Christian writers | Gay icons | Gay writers | Irish British people | Irish dramatists and playwrights | Irish journalists | Irish novelists | Irish poets | Irish writers | People imprisoned or executed for homosexuality | Roman Catholics | Socialists | Former students of Magdalen College, Oxford | Natives of County Dublin | People associated with Trinity College, Dublin
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#1101462 - 11/04/05 07:55 AM
Re: Wikipedia
[Re: flower power]
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Old hand
Registered: 12/17/04
Posts: 927
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Quote:
(1) The quintessence of the world is humanity.
(2) The quintessence of humanity is religion.
(3) The quintessence of religion is prayer.
(4) The quintessence of prayer is invocation.
(5) The quintessence of invocation is Divinity.
(6) The quintessence of Divinity is Perfection.
(7) The quintessence of Perfection is Beauty.
(8) The quintessence of Beauty is Tone.
Do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti, do!
Which brings us back to do!
Speaking of Major Scales...
SOPHIA
Explains much!
Since its appearance in 1995, Sophia has established itself as the foremost journal in the field of traditional studies in the English language. We mean here by tradition realities of ultimately sacred origin which have over the centuries provided meaning for human life, sources for authentic knowledge, principles for moral action, and inspiration for artistic creativity in various human societies throughout the world.
In the pages of Sophia one finds access to the principles and philosophies at the heart of various traditions as well as their religious practices, arts, sciences, and social structures. Through compelling and thought-provoking articles Sophia makes available in a contemporary language the extremely rich treasury of traditional wisdom and thought and provides a forum for examining the applications of these millennial traditional teachings to the contemporary situation and in the face of problems created by the advent of modernism. It publishes articles which draw on traditional metaphysics, esoterism, and the perennial philosophy as well as traditional cosmologies, the arts, the sciences, spirituality, and ethics by contributors who include the most well known expositors of the traditional perspective in the world as well as new voices in the field.
"This is a journal with no place for the mediocre."
Tim Smith. Creations Magazine
"Beautifully presented…"
Connaissance des Religions
"Very probably the most important traditional publication at this time in the United States."
Axis Mundi
'The Chain of Quintessences'.
The quintessence of the world is man. The quintessence of man is religion. The quintessence of religion is prayer. The quintessence of prayer is invocation. Here lies the meaning of the Quranic verse: The invocation of God is greater [than anything else]. If man had no more than a few instants to live, he would no longer be able to do anything but invoke God. He would thereby fulfill all the demands of prayer, of religion, of the human state.
Frithjof Schuon and René Guénon by Martin Lings
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#1101464 - 11/04/05 08:31 PM
Re: Wikipedia
[Re: StrngrInParadise]
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Super Stoner
Registered: 05/25/04
Posts: 4147
Loc: Winnipeg Manitoba
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I could care less how Wikipiedia works.
If any legitimate news agency ever mentioned what was written at Wikipiedia about me I would handle the question as if they were asking me to comment on something written in the National Inquirer.
I'm trying to get the message accross to the Wiki people that they ought to be a little more professional if they want to gain credibility.
Here is a free lesson in Economics from Human Action by Ludwig von Mises.
http://www.mises.org/humanaction/chap16sec7.asp
is a link to the chapter on "good will."
Good will is the renown a business acquires on account of past achievements. It implies the expectation that the bearer of the good will in the future will live up to his earlier standards. Good will is not a phenomenon appearing only in business relations. It is present in all social relations. It determines a person's choice of his spouse and of his friends and his voting for a candidate in elections. Catallactics, of course, deals only with commercial good
will.
Listen....I suspect your from Manitoba. If you then you know what Stienbach is all about.
Here is a link to a LTE I have published in the Carillon today.
http://www.thecarillon.com/051103/051103_thecarillon.shtml
Separate Medicine and state.
I want you to understand how powerful this letter is and more importantly....How I am pretty well prepared to march into hell itself if that's what it takes to repeal drug prohibition. The reason that letter was published today is that the CN Rail fired me in Jan of 97 over owing a grow.
I refused to drop to my knees and admit I was a drug addict.
Writing letters is an art form.
I like to banter back and forth with people because they raise my ire and I am insipred to write letters. They come from the heart and they are very powerful and plentiful too boot.
If you are not aware, I am the second most published LTE writer in Canada. And plenty of my letters that dealt in issues other than drugs are not archived at the map site.
What that all boils down to is Wikipiedia has pissed me off.
I'm telling you that is a bad idea.
I swear on my mothers grave that will be a costly mistake for Wikipiedia.
Somewhere sometime they will recieve some good press and I shall rip them them to shreads as the "small town cheap" propaganda artists that you are.
Again. I dont' understand why the Wiki people would want to paint me with sock puppet accusations anyway. That does not make sense unless you are looking for a reputation as a slander rag.
What can I say. I have learned my lesson. I have applied for a sock puppet name here and I await my password.
I have made my arguments.
If the Wiki people have no clue of what good will is worth to their organization then one day I will teach them a lesson.
This I swear on my mothers grave.
Edited by Chris Buors (11/04/05 09:02 PM)
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#1101467 - 11/05/05 03:01 AM
Re: Wikipedia
[Re: StrngrInParadise]
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Stranger
Registered: 04/28/03
Posts: 15
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This post is probbaly going to be deleted / me being banned but due to the wonders of ethanol here it goes.
Man you are insane, I mean this as both an insult as well as a untrained medical opinion. It's people like you who keep becomming activists and keep the legalizaiton movement largely a joke. I'm sorry you were molested by a guy or whatever happened to you as a child, I belive you need professional help with this.
Wikipedia isn't a plot against you, it's a user edited page, it might not be the truth, but it's what the majority of the editors believe.
and in the future please provide refrences for any statistics you post, DML sets a good example (even tho sometimes they are wacko's he cites)
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#1101468 - 11/05/05 05:14 AM
Re: Wikipedia
[Re: Chris Buors]
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Enthusiast
Registered: 10/14/05
Posts: 371
Loc: Further East than I'd like
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Quote:
So please.....straighten it out. Get rid of the mention. It is not needed and it is small town cheap and finally....
Why would you want to unleash me on the poor people at Wiki who got no friking clue what is coming when I hammer them for the cheap shot taken at me?
A few points, Chris.
I'm not from Manitoba, and more generally, I had hever heard of you until you posted to my thread. My only agenda coming here was to tap in to a community of cannabis-positive people who could contribute to Wikipedia. I no more represent Wikipedia in any official capacity than you do. Apart from discussing it with you, I have not paticipated in editing your Wikipedia article. I have taken no position on what the article should become, but only tried to explain how it came to be.
Wikipedia has absolutely nothing to fear from you or your discontent, full stop. Wikipedia contains solid neutral accounts of LaRouche, Scientology, Dominionism, The Carlyle Group, Abortion. If someone like you could do it damage, don't you think more powerful interests would have caused it to fold by now?
Wikipedia is both very newcomer-friendly, and has highly sophisticated procedures for an enormous spectrum of dispute resolution, of none of which have you to-date availed yourself, in spite of several invitations from me to do so, with my assistance.
Chris, when I read your article, I saw,
- That you had lost your job for cannabis activity
- That you refused to undergo the dissident reeducation commonly called "treatment"
- That you stood for office in a minor party, often a difficult, thankless task
- That you have been jailed for cannabis activity
- That you had unconventional views on psychiatry, which you defend
- That you have forthright views on who constitutes "good people", yet do not allow that to undermine your views on civil liberties
...all of which I find admirable and compelling. For the life of me, I cannot understand why this article has you so upset, apart from that it may complicate your LTE activity.
If you want it changed, here are the questions which will matter, IMO. Are not your views on homosexuals well-known- entirely through your own efforts? Is there not some number of people who have called these views homophobic? If this were to be absent in the article, how would that not undermine Wikipedia's credibility? Would this not open Wikipedia to the charge that, because you are a cannabis activist, Wikipedia must be hiding the matter out of its pro-cannabis agenda? Is CC is a public forum? Had you stood on a soapbox in a town square and said these things, could you persuade the editor of the town paper that this was a private, off-the-record conversation, and so not to be published? How can you unring that bell? Or, is it more like a loud conversation down the pub, with a debatable expectation of privacy? Are you certain you are not on record with this elsewhere?
Finally, consider the following excerpt from CCSA, actually cited in the Vancover Plan,describing the risks of cannabis,
Quote:
Respiratory damage, impairment of physical coordination, delayed fetal and post-natal development, reduced memory and ability to learn and links to some mental disorders such as schizophrenia have been associated, in varying degrees, with heavy cannabis use. Long term effects can include increased risks of chronic cough, bronchitis and emphysema. Cannabis dependence can occur, but is not a likely consequence of the usual patterns of social use (CCSA, 2004).
Better than NIDA, but a significant part of this is either unsupported or contradicted by science. One of the few authoritative places where you could learn this as a general reader is Wikipedia. The entire paradigm shift most of us have been struggling to make the larger world understand, has already happened there. If somebody has a web account and a desire to understand about "marijuana", it is very likely that they will quickly end up at Wikipedia, where they will find an unbiased account of cannabis, prohibition, history, activism, cultivation, health, culture...kind of like here at Cannabis Culture, but having been rigorously made neutral by fierce debate with opponents so as to become nearly indisputable. The truth is our friend, even if momentarily inconvenient.
Chris, this is so much bigger than your wounded vanity. Would you really slag off Wikipedia to a newspaper editor because it contains an account of you that is substantionally true, undermining the credibility of all else it contains on cannabis by equating it (absurdly) to the National Enquirer? As you know, the fight for legal cannabis is a movement that has fought tooth-and-nail for credibility for decades. Whose side are you on?
I remain willing to help, but you have to get real. 
Edited by StrngrInParadise (11/05/05 05:25 AM)
_________________________
-Stranger In Paradise
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